La globalización en países pequeños en desarrollo: Nicaragua en perspectiva comparada

Abstract

THE DEBATE ON THE EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION HAS RECENTLY FOCUSED ON ITS IMPACTS ON THE SOCIOECONOMIC MODEL IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE WORLD, AS WELL AS ON ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MEASURED IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION. THIS PAPER ATTEMPTS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THIS DISCUSSION FOR THE PARTICULAR CASE OF SMALL, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. IT USES A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF NICARAGUA, COSTA RICA AND THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. IN THESE THREE COUNTRIES, GLOBALIZATION HAS RESULTED IN A SIMILAR ECONOMIC MODEL, WITH MORE DYNAMIC COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES BUT WITH A MARKED INEQUALITY. GLOBALIZATION HAS THUS CREATED COMMON RESTRICTIONS TO BUILD MORE EQUITABLE SOCIETIES. AT THE SAME TIME, HOWEVER, THE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE THREE COUNTRIES DEMONSTRATES THE IMPORTANCE THAT INTERNAL CONDITIONS HAVE TO EXPLAIN THE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SMALL COUNTRIES.